|
12-25-2000 |
"WORLD'S SMALLEST DRIVE" FITS IN YOUR POCKET
Normal computer memory retains its information only as long
as the power stays on. This is why you must save memory contents
to a storage device such as a hard drive. The hard disk drive in
your computer is magnetic so it retains its data without the
need for power. Once data is recorded onto the hard drive, you
can power down with everything saved. |
|
12-18-2000 |
SOFTWARE REMOVES VOCALS FROM CDs AND MP3 FILES
I'm always on the lookout for something that's really different
and finding it around the holidays makes its discovery even more
sweet. DARTECH has cooked up a clever new software product that
begins with the already popular technologies of MP3 music files
and recordable CDs. Next they added in ripping, the ability to
read music tracks off of CDs and convert them into wave or MP3
files. To complete the recipe, they tossed in a really
innovative technological twist inspired by the popularity of
karaoke. The result is DART Karaoke Studio, a program that
literally lets you remove the performing artist's voice from
most any recording. |
|
12-11-2000 |
OFFICE 2001 FOR MAC IS SERIOUS BUSINESS
Microsoft's Office Suite of applications enjoys being one of
the most successful suite of applications and is found on many
Windows based PCs around the world. But when it came to the
Macintosh, Microsoft applications such as Word and Excel were
lackluster at best. They were bulky, slow to perform and didn't
follow Macintosh guidelines. However with the release of Office
98, a lot of that changed. With Office 98, Microsoft started
from the ground up and wound up with a product that was fast,
responsive and Mac-like in its operation. And with the newly
released Office 2001, Microsoft continues in the 98 tradition. |
|
12-4-2000 |
MP3 PORTABLE PLAYER OFFERS CHEAP STORAGE
Despite all the notoriety associated to MP3 with its
condemnation by the music industry and spawning web sites such
as Napster that continue to challenge intellectual and copyright
laws, devotion to this audio compression standard remains strong
and continues to enlist thousands of new listeners every day.
And why not since the attraction to free, high quality music
that can be easily downloaded and exchanged without any loss in
audio quality is a sirens' song that's hard to resist. |
|
11-27-2000 |
GRAPHIC CARD IS A BOTTLENECK
QUESTION: The main reason I recently bought my new computer
with a bigger hard drive and lots more memory was to get more
speed. Although work was my justification for spending the
money, I'm an avid gamer and love playing computer games. I
thought games I couldn't play or performed poorly on my old
system would really fly on the new one. I got some better
performance but quite frankly, I'm disappointed as I thought
things would look a lot better than they do. Any suggestions? |
|
11-20-2000 |
IS APPLE'S OS X PUBLIC BETA RELEASE A GOOD IDEA?
For as long as I can remember, you can sum up Apple
Computer's policy with two words when it comes to talking about
products it hasn't yet released; "No comment." And although
Apple's policy is far from unique, the company has held true to
its conviction regarding the matter. Getting Apple to comment on
any unfinished product just wasn't possible, until OS X came on
the horizon. |
|
11-13-2000 |
ONLINE GAMES OFFER MORE THAN ENTERTAINMENT
As the holidays approach, entertainment software makes a
perfect gift for the computer people in your life. And this
season's offerings include some of the most technologically
advanced games ever seen. But instead of pointing out some of
the hottest new titles, I thought it might prove more
interesting to point out what a lot of them have in common. Many
of the newest generation games allow you to play an opponent
over a phone connection. And after trying some of them out, I
have to admit it. Playing a computer game against a live human
being is a lot more satisfying than playing against the
computer. |
|
11-06-2000 |
ERASE YOUR INTERNET FOOTPRINTS
Did you know that as you surf the Net, you're leaving a
trail? If someone really wanted to know where you'd been, it
wouldn't really be that hard for that person to trace your
steps. Depending on your circumstances and where you've been,
having your path unexpectedly traced could manifest results
ranging anywhere between embarrassment and imprisonment. |
|
10-30-2000 |
BEWARE OF COMPUTER BIGOTRY
Computer bigotry exists. It's a subset of product bigotry, a
phenomena that occurs when brand loyalty gets out of control.
Brand loyalty can be a good thing and it's why, for example we
might stick with cars made by Ford or TVs made by Sony. We try
something and if we like it, our inclination is to stay with the
same brand when we buy another one. Collectors bring a level of
passion, even obsession into the picture. Ask anyone who
collects fine cars. But when it comes to consumer electronics,
do you know anyone that collects TV sets? Yet one consumer
electronic product, the personal computer, seems to have spawned
the computer bigot, a gestalt born from a mutation of brand
loyalty, passion, obsession and the need to proselytize. |
|
10-23-2000 |
SMOOTH VIDEO CAMERA FOR PC WORKS WITH BROADBAND
I recently purchased one of those small digital video
cameras that let you send live moving video images over the
Internet. The images are small and the image quality isn't very
good. When I look at myself in the video window, the movement is
acceptably smooth but when I look at someone else's image, their
movement is jerky. I am told that my images appear jerky to them
as well. What's going on? |
|
10-16-2000 |
WEB SITE FOR CONFERENCE CALLS
A new and interesting telephony application is now online at
j2 Global Communications' web site. Don't confuse this with the
proliferation of "Voice over IP" services that use the Internet
to transmit voice calls. jConnect offers a suite of telephony
services but the one I find to be especially interesting is its
ability to let you create and manage conference calls. |
|
10-09-2000 |
HAVE A CHAT ROOM FOR YOUR WEB SITE
When it comes to consumer orientated online subscription
services, America Online is pretty much the undisputed leader.
Two of the services AOL offers that continue to be the most
popular are email and chat rooms. It's a fact that we all like
to communicate, especially to others that share a common
interest. That's why theme based chat rooms are constantly
packed with users eager to share their ideas and experiences. So
if your web site contains something you feel would be of
interest to others, why not enable it with a chat room? |
|
10-02-2000 |
ROAD TO QODE LETS YOU SHOP TILL YOU DROP
Most of us are familiar with those bar code scanners built
into supermarket check out counters that make our egress a more
efficient and quicker experience. More than likely you've also
seen stock clerks scanning product labels on shelves using one
of those bulky hand held scanners that look like a calculator on
steroids. Wouldn't it be cool to own a scanner so tiny that it
fit on your key chain, had only one button to make it work and
it could instantly tell you everything you wanted to know about
that product? Evidently, these questions occurred to the CEO and
co-founder of Qode, Inc. (pronounced "Code") and he's made it
all happen. |
|
09-25-2000 |
INTERNET APPLIANCES OFFER PC ALTERNATIVE
There must be a market for alternative devices to access the
Internet because so many of them continue to appear. The
underlying idea that all of these products share is that there
are a lot of people out there who want to go online without
using a computer. |
|
09-18-2000 |
MAKE YOUR OWN CDS WITH CD-RW
I am considering the purchase of a CD-RW drive but I need
some clarification. I can't seem to get any straight answers
regarding what is needed to record audio CDs that will play on
any CD player. Also, what is meant by "overburn" and "burn
proof" and what do all those multiple speed numbers on CD-RW
drives mean? What other considerations are important? |
|
09-11-2000 |
PULL WEB DATA INTO YOUR PERSONAL WEB PAGE
Tired of surfing to web site after web site to collect your
daily dose of information? Wouldn't it be nice if your home page
automatically displayed all your important data without you
having to click on page after page? That's exactly what
Clickmarks does and with little effort, you can create a home
page that literally pulls data from multiple web sites directly
into your home page and displays everything in a concise manner
which you define. |
|
09-04-2000 |
VIRTUAL PHONE LINE OFFERS A SECOND LINE SOLUTION
I cannot justify the cost of adding a second phone line in
my home. Until my Internet addiction took hold, Call Waiting was
the obvious solution to my not missing incoming calls while the
line was in use. Now I must turn Call Waiting off when I go
online or an incoming call will disrupt my Internet connection.
But I'm getting tired of people complaining that they can never
get through to me. Can you offer a solution to my busy signal
problem? |
|
08-28-2000 |
You Can Never Be Too
Rich, Too Thin, Or Have Too Much Memory
Can you talk a little about memory? I have 64 megabytes of
RAM and I was thinking about adding more. How much more should I
add? How will additional memory help my computing experience?
How do I know that it's time to add more? |
|
08-21-2000 |
The Cure For Your
Teen's PDA Envy
I hate to admit it but I can't exist without my Palm
PDA. I use it in my professional as well as my personal life. In
fact, I can't remember how I got along without one a mere two
years ago. So I can relate to how my son feels every time he
asks me to get him one. However, I can't justify spending
$300-$400 on a Palm just for him. Any suggestions? |
|
08-14-2000 |
SOFTWARE ACCELERATES WEB SURFING
In a recent column I explained how a web browser's cache
makes your surfing experience move along more quickly. Browsers
automatically copy a web site's data to the hard drive for
instant retrieval so that it doesn't have to download it all
over again when you revisit. This saves you lots of time,
especially if you don't have fast broadband access like cable or
DSL and are still poking along with a 56k modem. All of the
popular web browsers have a cache but you have limited control
over any of its characteristics. Most browsers allow for setting
the size of the cache to hold more data and that's about it.
Unfortunately, the browser's management of the data stored in
the cache is dealt with fairly simplistically. For example, if
you return to a page you have visited recently and only one
element of that page has changed since your last visit, the
browser updates the entire page from the Internet rather than
from the one stored in your much faster cache. Fortunately, an
alternative, more intelligent caching product exists and its
name is NetSonic. |
|
08-07-2000 |
UPGRADING YOUR MACINTOSH COMPUTER
As an owner of an older Macintosh, I have been putting off
the inevitable decision to buy a new model for as long as I can.
But after seeing the new G4 Cube model from Apple, I've decided
to take the plunge. I understand my need to abandon the old
serial and ADB interfaces for Apple's newer USB and FireWire
standards. And although I know there are converters available, I
would like to know your thoughts about abandoning my older
peripherals for new ones that come equipped to handle the newer
standards. Also, what about my old SCSI external hard drive? Is
there an adaptor for SCSI to FireWire? |
|
07-31-2000 |
WEB BROWSER CACHE EXPLAINED
While configuring my web browser, I came across an option
asking to set the size of the browser "cache." What is cache and
how large should it be set? |
|
07-24-2000 |
WINDOWS SHORTCUT / MACINTOSH ALIAS MAKE COMPUTING EASIER
I have heard the terms "shortcut" and "alias" used but have
no idea what they are. I understand their use makes life on a
computer a little easier and I'm for anything that fits that
description. Please explain what they are and how to use them. |
|
07-17-2000 |
BE SURE WHAT YOU DELETE STAYS DELETED
Anyone using a computer creates and deletes files. These
files, such as documents created in a word processor and
information retrieved from the Internet, are stored on a hard
drive to be accessed at anytime. When a file is no longer
needed, we delete it mainly for two reasons. First, deleting
unwanted files frees up precious disk space for new files we may
wish to save. Second, we delete files because we don't want
their contents to be seen. But did you know that the files you
delete on your computer are not actually destroyed? |
|
07-10-2000 |
DIGITAL CAMERA FOR INTERNET REQUIRES NO COMPUTER
Web cameras better known a webcams continue to proliferate
throughout the Internet. Uses for webcams are as infinitely
variable as the web itself. Some examples I've seen are those by
preschools so that parents can watch their infants throughout
the day, hospitals offering patient monitoring services, law
enforcement applications and even private security. Users can
just log on to the web site and instantly see what's happening
anytime. And for as many practical uses that you can find,
you'll see as many frivolous ones. Some of my favorites include
Fishcams. These are webcams positioned next to someone's fish
tank. Watching someone's fish swimming around gets tedious after
a while but the fact that people take the time to set them up is
a real hoot. People are putting webcams everywhere these days.
You'll find them at busy intersections to monitor traffic,
there's even one set up at a prestigious university pointing to
vending machines so that students and faculty can see the
offerings of the day. |
|
07-03-2000 |
NEW SCANNERS OFFER 42 BITS
I'm ready to buy a flat bed scanner so I can preserve some
of my older photographs. I also intend to email the images as
well as create a personal web site. One scanner specification
confuses me and that is when scanner companies refer to a
scanner's number of "bits." Is this an important purchasing
consideration or just another marketing ploy? |
|
06-25-2000 |
COOKIES ARE DELICIOUS AND GOOD FOR YOU
Being new to the Internet, I hear about many things that I
don’t understand. But at least most of them are well defined. I
know for example that a virus is bad and that downloading
software is good. But one item I keep hearing about seems to
illicit both good and bad remarks and I can’t seem to find out
what the truth really is. I am speaking about browser “cookies.”
Could you explain in detail what they are and if they are a good
or a bad thing. |
|
06-19-2000 |
MICROSOFT IE 5 FOR MACINTOSH IS BEST YET
Microsoft recently unleashed the successor to it's Internet
Explorer 4.5 for the Macintosh. IE 5 is not only better than the
previous Mac version... It's better than the latest Windows
version as well. |
|
06-12-2000 |
"NETPLIANCE" GETS YOU ONLINE WITHOUT A COMPUTER
As the Internet continues to inform and connect more and
more of the world's inhabitants, it's become apparent that
access to the Internet has expanded beyond the computer. Today's
pagers, cell phones, PDAs and other consumer electronic devices
can access the Web and email services. You can even buy a car
radio with Windows CE to go online. And we'll soon see common
household appliances become Internet appliances or "Netpliances"
such as refrigerators that access the Web for groceries. |
|
06-05-2000 |
CHOOSING THE BEST COMPUTER PROJECTOR
I'm looking for one of those projectors
that can hook up to my portable computer so that I can make
presentations to my clients. Since this is my first projector, I
find myself at a loss as to what specifications are important as
well as desirable features. I know, for example, that modems
should be 56K, printers at least 600 dpi and scanners should be
at least 32 bit. Can you give me some guidelines? |
|
05-29-2000 |
FLAT TV DISGUISED AS COMPUTER MONITOR
Flat TV sets are finally here. And I'm not talking about
those multi-thousand dollar 42 and 50 inch plasma screens that
hang on the wall like a picture frame. I'm talking about 15 and
17 inch TV sets that are still the most popular sizes sold, and
are found on most of America's tabletops and kitchen counters.
Actually, the technology has been around for a some time now. If
you've seen a color screen on a portable computer, you've seen
the future of small flat TV sets. |
|
05-22-2000 |
TRANSFORM YOUR HANDWRITING INTO COMPUTER FONT
In this cold, impersonal work of email and word processing,
anything that may help put back a personal touch in how we
communicate through our keyboards should be viewed as a positive
thing. The use of "emoticons" in email messages for example,
help recipients to get a better feel of the sender's mood
through pseudo facial expressions. Embellishments via graphics
we paste in, colored text, embedded sound files and other
similar devices all help to make up for the lack of vocal tonal
inflection that is missed in today's electronic communications.
But before we had our computers, even before we had typewriters,
we set our thoughts down on paper using the once mighty pen. And
when you think about it, a handwritten message still remains,
even more so in today's electronic age, the best way to covey
our most personal thoughts and feelings when we find the need to
put them to paper. |
|
05-15-2000 |
STORE YOUR STUFF ON THE INTERNET
Are you running out of room on your hard disk? Well before
you buy yet another bigger drive, before you invest in more Zip
disks or other removable storage media, you might want to
consider the Internet. Storing some of your files and data
online could proven to be the next big thing. And although it
won't replace your hard drive, storing things online offers many
advantages. |
|
05-08-2000 |
BE ANONYMOUS ON THE INTERNET
Maintaining our privacy in this information age continues to
be a challenge. It seems that most everything we do leaves a
data trail for some intelligence-seeking hunter to follow.
Advertising agencies and their ilk spend fortunes trying to
discover who we are, what we like and what we'll buy. And a lot
of this private information is coming from the Internet. The
Internet has become the information resource of the new
millennium but it's a two way street. When we surf the Net, we
leave little trails of where we've been, how long we were there
and what we did while we were there. This tracking is inherent
in the design of the browsers and email programs we use to
access the Internet. Things such as Java applets, ActiveX,
cookies, email and more all leave trails. But you can fight back
and become truly anonymous on the Internet with the help of
sites such as Anonymizer.com. |
|
05-01-2000 |
CLIP ART BY THE POUND
Clip art is defined in the Random House Personal Computer
Dictionary as "Electronic illustrations that can be inserted
into a document. Many clip art packages are available, some
general and others specialized for a particular field." Clip art
has its roots firmly anchored within the realm of desktop
publishing. Initially, as stated in the definition, many
companies scrambled to throw together collections of images, not
caring as to their quality, originality nor their format and
thus its compatibility with applications in which they were to
be used. |
|
04-24-2000 |
WEB SITE THEFT COULD BE THE NEXT WAVE
It's a sad fact of life but we have to protect what is ours
or it may be stolen. We instinctively lock our cars and homes,
valuables are secured in the safe. Most of us have a pretty good
idea on what it takes regarding the protection of our physical
property. But the security of our abstract valuables are a bit
more difficult to guard. Abstract valuables such as credit card
numbers are stolen every day. Over the years, extensive measures
have been set in place to protect credit card numbers,
especially when making online purchases. But as Internet
activity increases, so does the opportunity for thieves to
strike in new ways. And one of those ways recently happened to a
California company with a popular web site. One morning, they
tried to log on and it was gone. That's right. Someone had
stolen their web site. |
|
04-17-2000 |
CD-R vs. CD-RW
Can you help clear up the difference between CD-ROM, CD-R
and CD-RW? Also can you advise on which is better suited for
what purpose. |
|
04-10-2000 |
UPDATES AND UPGRADES
What's the difference between an "update" and an "upgrade"
when applied to computer software or hardware? On the surface,
it would seem that an "update" and an "upgrade" are synonymous.
Webster's defines "update" as making something conform to the
most recent methods. "Upgrade" is defined as making something
raise in value, rank or quality. And therein lies the subtle
difference when these words are applied to computer products. |
|
04-03-2000 |
ALTERNATIVE PRINTER CARTRIDGES MAY BE OK
Our company has over fifty inkjet and laser printers, fax
machines and copiers in use and that number is growing. Upon
closer examination of our budget, we were alarmed at what is
spent spent each month on new ink and toner cartridges. This
came to our attention when we were approached by a company that
refills, remanufactures and offers generic substitutes at 20 to
60 percent less than the units offered by the equipment's
manufacturer. Do we run any risk using these alternate products?
Will it void any warranties? |
|
03-27-2000 |
ALL PROTECTORS ARE NOT EQUAL
Suppression technology can vary widely. Certain components
such as an MOV can actually wear out electronically as they are
subjected to daily power surges. Some protectors have an
indicator to let you know it is operational. But a poorly
engineered device might have a misleading indicator. Your best
bet is to buy a well known name brand protector whose
manufacturer has proven itself and backs up its product. |
|
03-20-2000 |
PDA FITS ON YOUR WRIST
The personal digital assistant or PDA has become a mainstay
to millions of business professionals as well as to those who
just want a better way of keeping track of everything. But in
this world of cell phones and such, the PDA is yet one more
thing you have to lug around. Realizing this, Matsucom has
developed a PDA so small that it's wearable. The onHand PC is
around the size of one of those multi-functional watches you see
that sports a calculator and some sort of data entry. But unlike
those watches that bristle with lots of buttons and who knows
what else, the onHand PC is clearly the next step in practical,
wearable computing. |
|
03-13-2000 |
FIREWALL ADDS PROTECTION TO YOUR ONLINE PC
Did you know that when you access the Internet, your
computer could be vulnerable to an outside attack? And if you
are using one of those speedier broadband services such as a
cable modem or ADSL, you're even more accessible to evildoers
looking for someone's computer to pilfer. Going online is in
many ways synonymous to leaving the front door of your home wide
open. Even worse, it's like leaving your door open and you live
in a bad neighborhood. |
|
03-06-2000 |
"INTELLIGENT" EMAIL OFFERS CONTROL AND SECURITY
1on1mail.com creates its own virtual network within the
Internet via proprietary software that runs on both the sender's
and receiver's computer. The 1on1mail.com email application is a
complete stand-alone email program like Microsoft's Outlook or
Qualcomm's Eudora. But unlike the others, 1on1mail.com
automatically keeps track of an email's delivery path from start
to finish by appending proprietary tracking and encryption data
to all the email that travels within its virtual network. |
|
02-28-2000 |
THE RETURN OF TAPE
Any computer guru will tell you that it's not IF your hard
drive will fail but rather it's WHEN your hard drive will fail.
And in preparation for that moment, you should backup your hard
drive. A few short years ago, affordable hard drive capacities
maxed out in the megabyte range. Most of us were reluctant to
backup because floppy disk capacities were too small and tape
drives were expensive and too slow. It's slow because a tape
cassette is serial in design and must wind or rewind to access
the location of any data on the tape. Then the larger capacity
disks such as Iomega's Zip and Jaz drives appeared and tape for
the most part fell completely out of favor. |
|
02-21-2000 |
SKINS CAN CHANGE THE LOOK AND FEEL
"You are unique! Just like everybody else!" read a bumper
sticker I saw the other day. Made me stop and think. Lots of us
don't want to merely blend into the crowd. We want people to
stop and take notice. For many of us, that 15 minutes of fame
just isn't good enough. We crave attention and any way to
declare our uniqueness is fair game. We express our personality
through clothes, how we decorate our homes, the color of the car
we drive, etc. And although we may be slaves to fashion, the
rebel in us seeks out the wild tie, the pierced ear, or maybe
even a small tattoo. But decorating our skin can be painful and
permanent so why not decorate your computer's "skin" instead? |
|
02-14-2000 |
TURN PALM PDA INTO A DIGITAL CAMERA
The Palm hand held personal digital assistant remains the
most popular in the ever increasing variety of PDAs. It's one of
the best ways to carry all those addresses, contacts and phone
numbers as well as keeping on top of your daily schedule. A
whole industry has sprung up around this little wonder that
includes thousands of programs as well as hardware additions.
New hardware gives the Palm additional abilities such as a GPS
navigation antenna complete with mapping software so you never
get lost, and a pager receiver that converts the Palm into an
alphanumeric pager. Now Kodak has just introduced another
clip-on attachment that converts the Palm into a digital camera. |
|
02-07-2000 |
PAGING BECOMES FREE ON THE INTERNET
As the Internet continues to expand, there seems to be a
growing trend of new online businesses offering traditionally
paid for services at no charge. The model isn't a new one but
its application to online business is proving to be successful
time after time. |
|
01-31-2000 |
PENTIUM VS. ATHLON AND JAVA APPLETS EXPLAINED
QUESTION: I'm ready to buy my first computer and have
decided on a Pentium III model. When I went shopping, I
discovered several computer models from different manufacturers
offering an Athlon processor instead. Furthermore, this
processor is made by a company called AMD and not Intel. Is this
something I should consider or stay with the big name brand? |
|
01-24-2000 |
APPLE'S UPCOMING OS X HAS A PRETTY FACE
At the recent MacWorld convention, Steve Jobs' keynote
address unveiled a lot about the much anticipated Mac OS X. The
X is a Roman numeral so it's pronounces "Oh Ess Ten" and it will
have the things a modern operating system should have such as
protected memory and preemptive multitasking. But up until the
keynote, it was unclear as to how X would be rolled out and how
it would be positioned to the general Macintosh consumer. |
|
01-17-2000 |
MP3 PLAYER LETS YOU TAKE IT WITH YOU
MP3 is how the Internet does music. MP3's ability to
compress really large music files to a fraction of their size
while maintaining near CD quality has made this compression
format extremely popular on the Internet. And since most MP3
files are free, it's pretty easy to find the songs you want to
hear. In fact for many songs, the Internet is the only place
you'll find them. That's because many of today's up and coming
contemporary artists haven't the connections to get big
recording label attention. So the Internet is proving itself as
an alternative way to bring their music to listeners everywhere. |
|
01-10-2000 |
HOW TO GO ONLINE WITHOUT A COMPUTER
Although I usually write about products and services that
are currently available, from time to time I like to alert my
readers to interesting and useful upcoming technologies. And
InternetSpeech.com's netECHO definitely falls into that
category. netECHO is a service that lets you access the
Internet, surf the web, check email, buy online and more and do
it all without a computer. |
|
01-03-2000 |
SPEECH TRANSCRIPTION FINALLY COMES TO THE MACINTOSH
The ability of a computer to accurately transcribe the
spoken word into printed text has been a sort of Holy Grail to
many software developers. To me, it never ceases to amaze me how
the average person doesn't understand the complexity of such an
undertaking. To most, having a computer understand what we are
saying seems pretty straightforward and a natural application of
man and machine. Perhaps this is due to all the movies and TV
shows that depict characters speaking to computers and accepting
their accurate understanding in a cavalier manner. But the
reality is that the challenge is an enormous one and it
continues to push the limits of artificial intelligence
programming techniques as well as hardware power. In the past
year or so, a quantum leap in the science of vocal transcription
occurred when developers figured out how to get computers to
recognize continuous speech. Up until then, you had to pause
momentarily between each word. |
